The materials below are free for you to use and modify for your own classroom. Please do credit our scientists when you do so, though! And contact us if you have any questions or if you just want to chat about introducing this lesson to your classroom.
Curriculum Flow
We made substantial revisions to Methylothon’s curriculum in 2021 to adapt to both the needs of new partner schools and to the constraints of virtual learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The materials that we’ve designed can be delivered on various timetables. Our partner schools typically followed the outline shown in the graphic below. For a more detailed sample lesson plan, please see this document.

Lesson 0: guest speaker
Materials for this unit vary depending on who the guest speaker is. Below are some ideas for pre-readings we have used for previous methylotroph-associated speakers. We suggest having students read some material pertaining to the guest’s work and asking them to generate questions ahead of time.
- Just Add Lanthanides (Skovran & Martinez-Gomez 2015) [PDF] [publisher website]
- Guided reading questions [Google Doc]
- What ice cream and biofuels have in common – Blog post (J. Lee, June 2015) [PDF] [blog website]
- Guided reading questions [Google Doc]
- Eat My Phone (W. Baine, Oct 2019) [PDF] [publisher website]
- How rare are rare-earth elements in living things? (Bustillos-Cristales et al., 2021) [publisher website]
Lesson 1: Methylothon overview and Leaf Press Lab
- Intro to Methylotrophs Lecture [Google Slides]
- The Seek app by iNaturalist: an augmented-reality plant identification and exploration guide for Android or iPhone
- “How to make a leaf press” video from the Martinez-Gomez Lab, UC Berkeley [mp4 download] – credit for video production: Katie Shalvarijan and Alekhya Govindaraju
- Recipe to make Leaf Press Lab culture plates in your own lab [Google Doc]
- Safety Data Sheet for cycloheximide (Thermo Fisher 2014) [PDF]
- Leaf Press Lab handout [Google Doc]
- Data upload forms – EXAMPLES ONLY
Lesson 2: Introduction to 16S rRNA and microbial phylogeny
- 16s rRNA pre-readings:
- Fact Sheet: Ribosomal RNA (rRNA), the details [PDF] [MicroBEnet website]
- Fact Sheet: rRNA in Evolutionary Studies and Environmental Sampling [PDF] [MicroBEnet website]
- 16s rRNA & the Tree of Life Lecture [PDF] [pptx]
- 16s rRNA Jamboard
Lesson 3: DNA sequencing
- PCR pre-reading [Khan Academy website]
- Sanger Sequencing Video [Thermo Fisher Scientific – YouTube]
- DNA Sequencing & Multiple Sequencing Alignment Lecture [PDF] [pptx]
- PCR & Sanger Sequencing Jamboard
- Two online tools for examining chromatograms [see “resources from previous years” for sample chromatogram files]
- EMBL’s Gear Genomics Teal tool
- Poly Peak Parser (Yost Lab, University of Utah)
Lesson 4: Bacterial Identification virtual lab
- The Virtual Bacterial ID Lab by Howard Hughes Medical Institute BioInteractive
- Virtual Bacteria Identification Lab Worksheet:
Lesson 5: Bioinformatics Lab
- Bioinformatics Walkthrough lecture [PDF] [pptx]
- Bioinformatics Lab Guided Tutorial Worksheet [Google Doc]
- Online tools used in Bioinformatics Lab
- Mystery methylotroph sequence metadata spreadsheet [Google Sheets]
- Reference organisms 16S sequences [txt]
- Mystery methylotroph 16S sequences [Google Drive folder with txt files for download]
- Class phylogenetic tree slideshow EXAMPLE [Google Slides]
Wrap-up exercises and final projects
For instructors who wish to end Methylothon with a final project, we recommend designing one specifically for your class that fits your style of instruction and helps to integrate the lesson into the rest of your curriculum. Below are two examples of group or individual write-ups assigned by teachers to prompt students to synthesize what they learned in the module.
- A Team Quiz from an IB Biology class [Google Doc]
- An Abstract-style writeup from a Biotechnology class [Google Doc]
- A flexible-format final assignment combining Methylothon with human ancestry [Google Doc]
Resources from previous years (in-person instruction)
Methylothon in 2018 and 2019 included a field trip in which all students sampled plants together, and the isolation media used were slightly different from that used in 2021. Students conducted colony PCR in the classroom lab to amplify two different genes, and sent samples to a commercial facility for Sanger sequencing. The Bioinformatics Tutorial used the freely downloadable program MEGA, and students began work with chromatogram files.
- Field sampling and isolation of methylotrophs: student handout [Google Doc]
- Colony PCR to amplify 16S rRNA and rpoB genes from methylotroph isolates: student handout [Google Doc]
- Bioinformatics tutorial using MEGA X: student handout [Google Doc]
- MEGA (Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis): website for software download
- DNA sequence chromatograms from the 16S rRNA gene, for practice
- Files with reference DNA sequences for phylogeny
- In-class exercise on phylogenetic tree interpretation [Google Slides]
- Slides for in-class exercise on understanding Multiple Sequence Alignment [Google Slides]
- Final written assignment: example [Google Doc]
- DNA sequence chromatogram files generated by students (see metadata spreadsheet)
- 2018: 16S rRNA gene, ~800 bp [folder with ab1 files]
- 2019: 16S rRNA and rpoB genes, ~300 bp [folder with ab1 files]